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✅ Description:
Indications
- Midazolam is used to treat insomnia for a short period of time.
- Before surgical or diagnostic procedures, sedation is used as a premedication.
Pharmacology
The activities of benzodiazepines such as midazolam are intervened through the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric corrosive (GABA), which is one of the major inhibitory neurotransmitters within the central anxious framework. Benzodiazepines increment the movement of GABA, in this manner creating a steadying impact, unwinding skeletal muscles, and actuating rest, anesthesia, and amnesia. Benzodiazepines tie to the benzodiazepine location on GABA-A receptors, which potentiates the impacts of GABA by expanding the recurrence of chloride channel opening. These receptors have been recognized in numerous body tissues counting the heart and skeletal muscle, in spite of the fact that basically show up to be displayed within the central apprehensive framework.
Administration & Dosage
Oral dosage:
- For adults: 7.5-15 mg daily.
- In elderly and debilitated patients: The recommended dose is 7.5 mg.
- In premedication: 15 mg of Midazolam should be given 30-60 minutes before the procedure.
Intravenous administration:
Endoscopic or Cardiovascular Procedures: In healthy adults, the initial dose is approximately 2.5 mg. In cases of severe illness and in elderly patients, the initial dose must be reduced to 1 to 1.5 mg.
Induction of Anesthesia: The dose is 10-15 mg.
Intramuscular administration:
- Adult: 0.07-0.1 mg/kg body weight. The usual dose is about 5 mg.
- Children: 0.15-0.20 mg/kg
- Elderly and debilitated patients: 0.025-0.05 mg/kg
Rectal administration in children:
For preoperative sedation: Rectal administration of the ampoule solution (0.35-0.45 mg/kg) 20-30 min. before induction of general anesthesia.
Interaction
Neuroleptics, tranquilizers, antidepressants, sleep-inducing drugs, analgesics, anesthetics, antipsychotics, anxiolytics, antiepileptic drugs, and sedative antihistamines can all be enhanced by midazolam.
Contraindications
Patients with severe respiratory insufficiency, severe hepatic insufficiency, myasthenia gravis, sleep apnea syndrome, or known hypersensitivity to benzodiazepines or any component of the product should not be given midazolam.
Side Effect
Drowsiness during the day, confusion, fatigue, headache, and muscle weakness may occur at the start of therapy, but these side effects usually fade away with repeated administration. Variations in vital signs have been observed following parenteral (IV or IM) administration of Midazolam, including respiratory depression, apnea, blood pressure variations, and pulse rate variations.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Unless there is no other option, midazolam should be avoided during pregnancy. Because midazolam passes through breast milk, it should not be given to nursing mothers.
Precautions & Warnings
Intravenous midazolam should be given slowly.
Storage Conditions
Protect from light and moisture by storing below 30°C. Keep the medicine out of children's reach.
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