Sixtin 5mg Tablet

✔️ Uses of Sixtin 5mg Tablet

• Treat type 2 diabetes

✔️ How does Sixtin 5mg Tablet work?

Sixtin 5mg Tablet controls blood sugar levels by increasing the consumption of sugar by the body and reducing the production of sugar by the liver.

✔️ Side Effects of Sixtin 5mg Tablet

Common Side Effects:

• Upper respiratory tract infection
• Urinary tract infection
• Headache
• Dizziness
• Diarrhea
• Stomach pain

Stop taking Sixtin 5mg Tablet and contact your doctor immediately if you experience:

• Low blood sugar (shaking, sweating, anxiety, blurred vision, tingling lips, paleness, mood change, vagueness, confusion, rapid heartbeat, hunger, or headache)
• Serious allergic reaction (rash, raised red patches on your skin, swelling of the face, lips, tongue, and throat that may cause trouble breathing or swallowing)
• Bullous pemphigoid symptoms such as skin blistering
• Symptoms of heart failure (breathlessness, rapid increase in weight, and swelling of the feet)
• Pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas)
• Prolonged severe abdominal pain which may be accompanied by vomiting
• Severe disabling joint pain

✔️ Quick Suggestions:

• Saxagliptin should be taken at the same time every day since this helps you remember to take it.
• Be careful while driving or operating machinery until you know how Saxagliptin affects you.
• It may cause hypoglycemia (low blood sugar level) when used with other antidiabetic medicines, alcohol, or if you delay or miss a meal.
• Always carry some sugary food or fruit juice with you in case you experience hypoglycemia symptoms such as cold sweats, cool pale skin, tremor, and anxiety.
• Inform your doctor if you notice joint pains or develop symptoms such as stomach pain, nausea, and/or vomiting.

✔️ Indications:

• Saxagliptin is used as an adjunct (supplement) to diet and exercise.
• Its primary purpose is to enhance glycemic control in individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
• Saxagliptin is not indicated for the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus.
• It is not effective in managing diabetic ketoacidosis.

✔️ Pharmacology

Mechanism of Action:

• Saxagliptin inhibits the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-4).
• This inhibition leads to higher levels of active incretin hormones, specifically glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1).

Physiological Effects:

• Increased GIP and GLP-1 levels stimulate insulin production by pancreatic β-cells.
• Insulin release occurs in a glucose-dependent manner, meaning it is triggered when blood glucose levels are elevated.
• This mechanism helps lower both fasting and postprandial (after-meal) plasma glucose concentrations.

Therapeutic Impact in Type 2 Diabetes:

• In individuals with type 2 diabetes, saxagliptin improves glycemic management.
• The medication's effect on insulin regulation contributes to better control of blood sugar levels, addressing both fasting and post-meal glucose concentrations.

This mechanism is part of the broader class of DPP-4 inhibitors, which aim to enhance the body's own ability to regulate blood glucose levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

✔️ Dosage & Administration of Sixtin 5mg Tablet

Adult Dose:

• Type 2 diabetes mellitus: The usual adult dose is 2.5 or 5 mg once daily.
• Combination therapy: If used in combination with other medications, especially sulfonylurea or other insulin secretagogues, there may be a need to reduce the dosage of those medications.
• Coadministration with strong CYP450 3A4/5 inhibitors: The dose should not exceed 2.5 mg once daily.
• Elderly: No dosage adjustment is necessary for elderly individuals.
• Hepatic Impairment: No dosage adjustment is specified for hepatic impairment.

Child Dose:

• The safety and efficacy of the medication have not been established in individuals under 18 years of age.

Renal Dose:

• Renal impairment (Creatinine Clearance, CrCl):
  • CrCl >50 mL/min: No dose adjustment is required.
  • CrCl <50 mL/min: The dose should not exceed 2.5 mg once daily.
• End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD):
  • The specific dose adjustment for ESRD is not provided in the given information.

✔️ Interaction

Drug-Drug Interactions:

Before taking Sixtin 5mg Tablet inform your doctor if you are taking any of the following medicines:

Carbamazepine, phenobarbital, or phenytoin:

• Used to control fits (seizures) or chronic pain.

Dexamethasone:

• Used to treat inflammation.

Rifampicin:

• Used to treat infections such as tuberculosis.

Ketoconazole:

• Used to treat fungal infections.

Diltiazem:

• Used to lower blood pressure.

✔️ Contraindications

• Hypersensitivity: This refers to an exaggerated immune response to a substance, in this case, the medication. It can manifest as various allergic reactions.
• Anaphylaxis: Anaphylaxis is a severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction that can occur rapidly and affect the whole body. It requires immediate medical attention.
• Angioedema: Angioedema is a condition characterized by the rapid swelling of the deeper layers of the skin, often occurring around the eyes and lips. It can also involve the throat and cause difficulty breathing.
• Exfoliative skin conditions: This term generally refers to conditions where there is widespread shedding or peeling of the skin.

✔️ Pregnancy & Lactation

Animal reproduction studies have not shown a risk to the fetus, and there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. However, it's essential to note that animal studies do not always predict the same effects in humans. There may be limited data from human pregnancy studies, especially in the first trimester, and there is no evidence of risk in later trimesters.

✔️ Precautions & Warnings

• Not recommended for use by pregnant or breastfeeding women.
• Use with caution if you feel dizzy (hypoglycemic) after taking the medication.
• Consult your doctor before using if you have kidney or liver problems.
• Not recommended for use in patients with severe liver problems.

✔️ Storage Conditions

Store between 20-25° C.