Tazarotene 0.1% cream is prescribed for the topical treatment of plaque psoriasis and is also effective in managing acne.
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Tazarotene works by inhibiting ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity, which is linked to excessive cell growth and thickening of the skin. It reduces the expression of MRP8, an inflammation marker found in high amounts in psoriatic skin. In keratinocyte cultures, it prevents the formation of the cornified envelope—a contributor to the psoriatic scale—and promotes expression of a possible growth-suppressing gene, helping to reduce abnormal skin cell proliferation in treated plaques.
Psoriasis: Apply once daily in the evening for up to 12 weeks. For children under 12, dosage must be determined by a doctor.
Acne: Gently cleanse the face, let the skin dry, then apply a thin layer once daily in the evening over the affected area, covering the entire region where acne lesions appear.
Excessive application may cause significant redness, peeling, or discomfort. Not for oral use. If ingested, symptoms similar to vitamin A overdose (hypervitaminosis A) or other retinoids may occur. Monitor and provide supportive care as needed.
Avoid using other skin treatments or cosmetics with strong drying effects alongside Tazarotene. Allow skin to recover from such products before starting treatment. Topical steroids can be risky in psoriasis, so close monitoring is advised. Discontinue if infection spreads. Keep away from open flames.
Generally well tolerated, but the most common reactions are skin-related, including itching, redness, burning, irritation, peeling, stinging, contact dermatitis, eczema, worsening of psoriasis, rash, skin pain, dryness, inflammation, swelling, and, rarely, hypertriglyceridemia.
There are no adequate studies in pregnant women, but as a teratogenic substance, Tazarotene should be avoided in pregnancy. The exposure level needed to cause harm in humans is unknown. It is also not known whether the drug passes into breast milk, so caution is advised for nursing mothers.
Tazarotene is contraindicated in women who are pregnant or may become pregnant, as retinoids can cause harm to the fetus. If pregnancy occurs during treatment, stop immediately and inform the patient of potential risks. Women of childbearing potential must be warned and use effective contraception during treatment.
For external use only and should be applied only to affected areas. Avoid contact with eyes, eyelids, and mouth; rinse thoroughly if accidental contact occurs. Do not use on eczematous skin due to the risk of severe irritation. Limit sun exposure, including sunlamps, during treatment. Use with caution if taking photosensitizing drugs (e.g., thiazides, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, phenothiazines, sulfonamides) as they may increase sun sensitivity.
Store below 30°C, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
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