Trumega 1000mg Capsule (30pcs Pot)

✔️ Hypertriglyceridemia

Hypertriglyceridemia is a condition characterized by elevated levels of triglycerides (a type of fat) in the blood. High triglyceride levels can increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases and pancreatitis.

Causes:

• Genetic predisposition (familial hypertriglyceridemia)
• Poor diet (high in sugars and fats)
• Obesity
• Lack of physical activity
• Excessive alcohol intake
• Certain medical conditions (diabetes, hypothyroidism, kidney disease)
• Medications (oral contraceptives, beta-blockers, steroids)

Symptoms:

• Often asymptomatic
• When extremely high, can cause pancreatitis (severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting)
• Xanthomas
• Hepatosplenomegaly (enlarged liver and spleen)

Diagnosis:

• Blood tests measure triglyceride levels.

Treatment:

• Lifestyle modifications (diet, exercise, weight loss, alcohol reduction)
• Medications (fibrates, omega-3 fatty acids, statins)

✔️ Prophylaxis of Myocardial Infarction

Prophylaxis of myocardial infarction (heart attack) refers to the measures taken to prevent the occurrence of a heart attack, particularly in individuals at high risk or those who have already had a myocardial infarction.

Primary Prophylaxis:

• Focuses on preventing the first occurrence of a heart attack.

Secondary Prophylaxis:

• Aims to prevent recurrent heart attacks in patients who have already experienced one.

Lifestyle Modifications:

• A healthy diet (low in saturated fats, high in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains)
• Regular physical activity
• Smoking cessation
• Weight management
• Limiting alcohol intake

Medications:

• Antiplatelet agents (aspirin, clopidogrel)
• Statins (to lower cholesterol levels)
• Beta-blockers (to reduce blood pressure and heart workload)
• ACE inhibitors or ARBs (to control blood pressure and protect the heart)
• Omega-3 fatty acids (to lower triglycerides and provide cardiovascular benefits)

Monitoring and Management of Risk Factors:

• Regular check-ups to monitor blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and diabetes control
• Stress management and mental health support

In high-risk patients, procedures like angioplasty or coronary artery bypass surgery may be considered.

✔️ Uses of Trumega 1000mg Capsule

1. Dyslipidemia
2. Hypertriglyceridemia
3. Prophylaxis of Myocardial Infarction

✔️ How does Trumega 1000mg Capsule work?

The active ingredients, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.

• Hypolipidemic Effect: Reduce plasma triglycerides by decreasing very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL).
• Anti-inflammatory Action: Affect leukotriene synthesis, reducing inflammation.
• Antiplatelet Effect: Influence prostanoid synthesis, leading to vasodilation, reduced platelet aggregation, increased bleeding time, and decreased platelet counts.

✔️ Dosage:

Adult Dose:

• Hypertriglyceridemia: 4 g once daily or 2 g twice daily.
• Secondary Prophylaxis of Myocardial Infarction: 1 g daily with food.
• Joint Inflammation (Mild Arthritis): 2.7 g daily.
• Mood Disorders & Impulse Control, Age-Related Macular Degeneration: 1 g daily.
• Patients should follow a lipid-lowering diet during treatment.

Children (<18 years):

• Safety and efficacy not established.

✔️ Side Effects:

• Immune System Disorders: Rare - hypersensitivity.
• Metabolism/Nutrition Disorders: Uncommon - hyperglycemia, gout.
• Nervous System Disorders: Uncommon - dizziness, dysgeusia, headache.
• Vascular Disorders: Uncommon - hypotension.
• Respiratory Disorders: Uncommon - epistaxis.
• Gastrointestinal Disorders: Common - abdominal distension, pain, constipation, diarrhea, dyspepsia, flatulence, eructation, gastroesophageal reflux, nausea/vomiting; Uncommon - gastrointestinal hemorrhage.
• Hepatobiliary Disorders: Rare - liver disorders (transaminase increase).
• Skin Disorders: Uncommon - rash; Rare - urticaria.

✔️ Composition:

• Each soft gelatin capsule contains 1000 mg of Omega-3-Acid Ethyl Esters BP, which includes:
  • Eicosapentaenoic Acid BP: 80 mg
  • Docosahexaenoic Acid BP: 120 mg

✔️ Administration:

Should be taken with food to enhance absorption.

✔️ Trumega: Omega-3-Acid Ethyl Esters

1. Adjunct to diet for reducing very high triglyceride levels (>500mg/dl) in adult patients.
2. Secondary prevention in patients who have had a myocardial infarction within the past 3 months.
3. Reduction of joint inflammation associated with mild arthritis.
4. Management of mood disorders and impulse control.
5. Prevention of age-related macular degeneration.

✔️ Pharmacology:

• Omega-3-acid ethyl esters reduce triglyceride production in the liver. They inhibit acyl-CoA:1,2-diacylglycerol acyltransferase, reducing triglyceride synthesis and increasing beta-oxidation, which increases fatty acid metabolism. They also inhibit the release of fatty acids, increase triglyceride clearance by enhancing lipoprotein lipase activity, and decrease VLDL-C production.

✔️ Interactions:

• No hemorrhagic complications have been noted with warfarin, but prothrombin time must be monitored when used together.

✔️ Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to any component of the medication.

✔️ Precautions:

• Hemorrhagic Disorders: Use with caution in patients with bleeding disorders or those on anticoagulants or antithrombotic drugs.
• Asthma: Asthmatic patients sensitive to aspirin should be used with caution.
• Hepatic Impairment: Monitor hepatic function, especially in patients receiving high doses.
• Lactation: It is not known if this medication is excreted in breast milk; use with caution.

✔️ Pregnancy & Lactation:

• Should be used during pregnancy only if the benefit justifies the risk to the fetus. Unknown if excreted in human milk; use with caution in lactating mothers.

✔️ Precautions & Warnings:

• Monitor bleeding time in patients on anticoagulant therapy and adjust dosage if necessary.
• Increased bleeding time in high-risk patients (e.g., trauma, surgery).
• Not recommended for children due to lack of data.
• Monitor ASAT and ALAT levels in patients with liver damage signs, especially with high dosages.
• Not indicated for exogenous hypertriglyceridemia (type 1 hyperchylomicronemia). Limited experience with secondary endogenous hypertriglyceridemia.

✔️ Storage Conditions:

• Store below 25°C in a dry and cool place.