Polycef DS Powder for Suspension 100ml

How does Polycef DS Powder for Suspension work?

Cephradine is a first-generation cephalosporin that inhibits the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis in the bacterial cell wall by binding to one or more penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs). This action arrests cell wall synthesis, leading to bacterial cell death.

Oral Administration of Polycef DS Powder for Suspension

Can be taken with or without food. Taking meals may reduce gastrointestinal discomfort.

Side Effects of Polycef DS Powder for Suspension

• Common: Gastrointestinal disturbances, hypersensitivity reactions.
• Rare: Glossitis, heartburn, dizziness, tightness in the chest, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, vaginitis, candida overgrowth, skin rashes, joint pains, and edema.
• Very Rare: Blood disorders, serum sickness-like reactions, anaphylaxis, confusion, sleep disturbances, hyperactivity, hepatitis, cholestatic jaundice, reversible interstitial nephritis.

Quick Suggestions:

• Your child must complete the entire course of antibiotics. Stopping too soon may cause the bacteria to multiply again, become resistant, or cause another infection.
• Give this medicine with food to avoid an upset stomach.
• Encourage your child to drink plenty of water in case diarrhea develops as a side effect.
• Conditions like common cold and flu are caused by viruses. Never use this medicine for such conditions.
• Only give Polycef DS Powder for Suspension to your child for their current infection. Never save medicine for future illnesses.
• Stop this medicine and immediately report to your child’s doctor in case your child develops an itchy rash, facial swelling, or breathing difficulties while taking this medicine.

Indication of Polycef DS Powder for Suspension

Polycef DS is used to treat infections caused by sensitive Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. These infections include:

• Upper Respiratory Tract Infections: Sinusitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, laryngo-tracheo bronchitis, otitis media.
• Lower Respiratory Tract Infections: Bronchitis (acute and chronic), lobar pneumonia, bronchopneumonia.
• Urinary Tract Infections: Cystitis, urethritis, pyelonephritis.
• Skin and Soft Tissue Infections: Abscess, cellulitis, furunculosis, impetigo.

Susceptible Microorganisms:

• Gram-positive: Staphylococci (both penicillin-sensitive and resistant strains), Streptococci, Streptococci pyogenes (beta-hemolytic), Streptococcus pneumonia.
• Gram-negative: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp, Proteus mirabilis, Haemophilus influenza, Shigella spp, Salmonella spp (including Salmonella typhi), Neisseria spp.

Pharmacology

Cephradine is a semisynthetic broad-spectrum bactericidal antibiotic. It works by inhibiting the cross-linking of peptidoglycan in the bacterial cell wall, leading to cell lysis due to osmotic pressure.

Dosage of Polycef DS Powder for Suspension

For Oral Administration:

Adults:

• Urinary Tract Infections: 500 mg four times daily or 1 g twice daily. Higher doses may be needed for severe or chronic infections.
• Respiratory Tract Infections: 250 to 500 mg four times daily or 500 mg to 1 g twice daily.
• Skin and Soft Tissue Infections: 250 to 500 mg four times daily or 500 mg to 1 g twice daily.

Children:

• General Infections: 25 to 50 mg/kg daily in two or four divided doses.
• Otitis Media: 75 to 100 mg/kg daily in divided doses every 6 to 12 hours.
• Maximum Daily Dose: 4 g.

Elderly:

• Normal adult dosage is appropriate. Monitor patients with impaired renal or hepatic function.

Renal Impairment: Adjust dosage based on creatinine clearance (CrCl).

• CrCl > 20 ml/min: 500 mg every 6 hours.
• CrCl 5-20 ml/min: 250 mg every 6 hours.
• CrCl < 5 ml/min: 250 mg every 50-70 hours.

Chronic, Intermittent Haemodialysis:

• Start of Haemodialysis: 250 mg.
• 6-12 hours after start: 250 mg.
• 36-48 hours after start: 250 mg.
• Next Haemodialysis Session: 250 mg if more than 30 hours have elapsed since the last dose.

Interaction

• Nephrotoxic Drugs: Increased risk of kidney damage when used with aminoglycosides.
• Diuretics and Probenecid: Enhanced possibility of renal toxicity.

Contraindications

Known or suspected hypersensitivity to cephalosporins.

Pregnancy & Lactation

• Pregnancy Category: Not established. Use only if needed.
• Lactation: Excreted in breast milk. Use with caution.

Precautions & Warnings

• Prolonged use may result in superinfection.
• Use with care in patients hypersensitive to penicillin.
• May cause positive Coombs test results.
• Can cause false positive urine glucose results with certain tests.
• Dosage adjustment is necessary for renal impairment.
• Contains lactose.

Storage Conditions:

• Use within 7 days at room temperature or within 14 days if refrigerated.
• Keep all medicines out of reach of children.