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Xynovir 300mg Tablet 1 Strip
Xynovir (Tenofovir) is a nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) that works by blocking the activity of HIV reverse transcriptase, an enzyme necessary for viral replication. It competes with deoxyadenosine 5-triphosphate (dATP), a natural substrate for viral DNA synthesis. By incorporating it into the growing viral DNA chain, Xynovir prevents further elongation, effectively stopping viral replication.
Always use this medication under the guidance of a registered physician.
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✅ Description:
Xynovir (Tenofovir) is an antiretroviral medication used in combination with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of HIV-1 infection. Additionally, it is prescribed for managing chronic hepatitis B in adults.
- Absorption & Bioavailability: Tenofovir is a water-soluble diester prodrug, meaning it must be converted into an active form inside the body. Its oral bioavailability is approximately 25%.
- Peak Concentration (Cmax): After a single 245 mg oral dose, peak serum levels are reached within 1 to 10.4 hours.
- Distribution: Xynovir has very low protein binding (~0.7% in plasma and 7.2% in serum), indicating good tissue penetration.
- Half-Life: The drug has a half-life of approximately 17 hours, meaning it stays active in the system for a long duration.
- Elimination: Primarily excreted by the kidneys through glomerular filtration and active tubular secretion.
Note: Always follow your doctor's recommendations for appropriate dosing.
✔️ Potential Side Effects
Like all medications, Xynovir may cause side effects, which can range from mild to severe.
Common Side Effects
- Headache
- Diarrhea
- Nausea
- Fatigue or weakness
- Indigestion or heartburn
- Drowsiness
Serious Side Effects (Seek Medical Attention Immediately)
- High cholesterol or triglycerides
- Kidney problems
- Depression or anxiety
- Chest pain
✔️ Dosage & Administration
General Dosage Guidelines
- The dosage and frequency should be tailored based on individual patient needs.
- Food Considerations: Xynovir can be taken with or without food.
Recommended Dosage in Adults
- For HIV-1 and Chronic Hepatitis B: The standard dose is 245 mg once daily, taken orally.
- For Chronic Hepatitis B: The optimal treatment duration is not yet established.
Recommended Pediatric Dosage
- Children (12 years and older, weighing at least 35 kg): One 245 mg tablet once daily.
✔️ Caution is required when co-administering Xynovir with the following medications:
- Didanosine: Using Xynovir together with didanosine may lead to increased toxicity. Patients should be closely monitored for any adverse effects.
- Atazanavir: Combining Atazanavir with Xynovir may increase the risk of Xynovir-related side effects.
- Lopinavir/Ritonavir: Patients taking these medications alongside Xynovir should be observed for potential complications.
✔️ Xynovir should not be used in individuals with:
- Fractures caused by underlying disease or illness
- Severe liver disease, including enlarged fatty liver
- Acute kidney disease
- Osteoporosis or significantly decreased bone density
- Breastfeeding mothers (due to the risk of transmitting HIV through breast milk)
- Low phosphate levels in the blood (hypophosphatemia)
- Increased lactic acid levels in the blood (lactic acidosis)
✔️ Renal Impairment (Adults)
For patients with reduced kidney function, dosing must be adjusted:
| Creatinine Clearance (mL/min) | Recommended Dosing Interval |
|---|---|
| 50-80 | No dose adjustment needed |
| 30-49 | Every 48 hours |
| 10-29 | Every 72-96 hours |
| Hemodialysis Patients | Every 7 days or after 12 hours of dialysis |
✔️ Geriatric Use (65+ years)
- Clinical trials have not included sufficient elderly patients to determine whether they respond differently.
- Due to age-related decline in liver, kidney, or heart function, Xynovir should be used cautiously in older adults.
✔️ Use During Pregnancy & Lactation
- Pregnancy Category B: No well-controlled studies have been conducted on pregnant women. Xynovir should only be used during pregnancy if necessary.
- Breastfeeding Considerations: The CDC recommends that HIV-positive mothers do not breastfeed to prevent postnatal transmission of HIV to the infant.
✔️ Lactic Acidosis & Severe Liver Enlargement
- Lactic acidosis (excess lactic acid in the blood) and severe liver enlargement with fat accumulation (hepatomegaly with steatosis) have been reported in patients taking nucleoside analogs, including Xynovir.
- Women are at higher risk of developing these complications.
✔️ Hepatitis Flare-Ups After Stopping Treatment
- Discontinuing Xynovir, particularly in patients with hepatitis B, can result in severe, acute flare-ups of hepatitis. Patients should be monitored for several months after stopping treatment.
✔️ Immune Reconstitution Syndrome
- Patients initiating antiretroviral therapy may experience a rapid immune response, leading to the unmasking of opportunistic infections.
✔️ Coadministration With Other Medications
- Avoid using Xynovir in combination with other fixed-dose combination drugs that contain Tenofovir to prevent excessive dosing.
- Do not combine with Adefovir Disoproxil, as this can increase toxicity risks.
✔️ Renal Impairment
- Xynovir is primarily excreted through the kidneys, and cases of acute kidney failure and Fanconi syndrome (a serious kidney disorder) have been reported. Patients with preexisting kidney disease should be closely monitored.
✔️ Fat Redistribution in HIV-Infected Patients
- Some individuals may experience changes in body fat distribution, including:
- Central obesity (fat accumulation in the abdomen)
- Dorsocervical fat buildup ("buffalo hump")
- Peripheral wasting (loss of fat in arms and legs)
- Facial fat loss
- Breast enlargement
✔️ Patients with HIV-1 and Hepatitis B Coinfection
- Xynovir should only be used as part of a full antiretroviral regimen to prevent the development of HIV-1 resistance.
✔️ Storage Instructions
- Store at temperatures below 25°C in a cool, dry place, away from direct light.
- Keep out of reach of children to prevent accidental ingestion
⚠️Disclaimer:
At ePharma, we’re committed to providing accurate and accessible health information. However, all content is intended for informational purposes only and should not replace medical advice from a qualified physician. Please consult your healthcare provider for personalized guidance. We aim to support, not substitute, the doctor-patient relationship.
